CLINICAL-PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF CERTAIN MOLECULAR BIOMARKERS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF SOFT TISSUE SARCOMAS

Abstract

The article presents the results of a study devoted to evaluating the clinical and prognostic significance of the biomarkers ribonucleotide reductase M1 (RRM1), O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), class III β-tubulin (TUBB3), and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in the diagnosis of soft tissue sarcomas. The study included the results of 250 patients diagnosed with soft tissue sarcoma. The expression of the studied biomarkers was assessed by immunohistochemistry, and the patients' overall survival and progression-free survival were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and a 68 proportional hazards model. The results demonstrated that decreased PTEN expression is associated with reduced overall survival (HR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.3-2.7; p<0.05), while high TUBB3 expression is associated with worsened progression-free survival (HR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2-2.4; p<0.05). In patients treated with gemcitabine, low RRM1 expression was accompanied by a more favorable survival outcome (HR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.32-0.87; p<0.05). The obtained results indicate that these biomarkers are significant in determining the prognosis of soft tissue sarcoma and may contribute to the formulation of individualized treatment strategies.