DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF SOME MARKERS IN THE BLOOD SERUM OF WOMEN WITH OVARIAN CANCER

Abstract

The article presents a study of the metabolic changes occurring in ovarian tumors, an evaluation of the role of HE4, the ROMA index, CA125, vitamin D, and magnesium (Mg) in these changes, as well as a comparative analysis of the results of examinations performed using biochemical and enzyme immunoassay methods. In this study, the serum levels of HE4, CA-125, vitamin D, and magnesium were analyzed in 100 postmenopausal female patients aged 48-70 years who were examined and treated for ovarian tumors at the Oncology Clinic of Azerbaijan Medical University between 2023 and 2025. The study demonstrated that the levels of HE4 and CA125 were significantly elevated in the blood of women with benign ovarian tumors compared with the control group, while this increase was even greater in patients with primary malignant and metastatic tumors. Vitamin D levels were significantly decreased in women with benign tumors, and even more so in those with primary malignant and metastatic tumors, compared with the control group. Magnesium levels were somewhat lower in patients with benign tumors. A decrease in magnesium levels was observed in malignant, non-metastatic tumors. In metastatic tumors, magnesium levels reached their lowest point. In the authors' opinion, the HE4 and CA-125 tumor markers should be analyzed jointly in the differential diagnosis of ovarian tumors, while vitamin D and magnesium deficiency may be of considerable importance in the pathogenesis of this disease.