THE ROLE OF VASOREGULATORY MECHANISMS IN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DAMAGE IN PREMATURE CHILDREN

Abstract

The article discusses the role of endothelial synthase (eNOS) and neuronal synthase (nNOS) in the pathogenesis of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system in premature infants. The study involved 102 preterm infants with perinatal hypoxic-ischemic CNS lesions, aged up to 1 month, born to mothers with a burdened obstetric history. The nitric oxide synthase system was studied in 71 infants depending on their gestational age and the severity of cerebral ischemia. It has been shown that eNOS and nNOS play a leading role in the development of cerebral ischemia. It was revealed that increased expression and activation of eNOS and nNOS directly depends on the gestational age of the infant, body weight at birth, morphofunctional maturity of organs and systems, and the degree of prematurity. The more pronounced the effect of hypoxia and ischemia, the more aggravated is the impairment of the ability of adequate function and structure of vascular endothelial cells of the brain and the function and structure of neurons, glial cells, regulation of cerebral blood flow. As a result, cerebral ischemia of varying severity develops, leading to serious consequences.