ESTIMATED FASTING GLUCOSE AS AN INDEX FOR DIABETES AND PREDIABETES SCREENING

Abstract

The article provides information on a study conducted to develop a calculated fasting glucose index (FG index), a new indicator for screening of diabetes mellitus (DM) and prediabetes. The study involved 182 participants aged 20 to 79 years (46 men, 136 women), who were divided into 2 equal groups by random selection: the main (training) group (91 participants; 23 men, 68 women) and the control group (91 participants; 23 men, 68 women). Anamnestic and anthropometric data were recorded in each individual, and fasting glucose and glycohemoglobin were determined from laboratory tests, and a two-hour oral glucose tolerance test (with a 75 g glucose load) was performed. Based on data from the training group, 288 signs were analyzed and a FG index was calculated using multiple linear regression methods. The most informative symptoms were age, waist circumference, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, history of arterial hypertension, history of gestational diabetes, level of physical activity and frequency of diabetes in first-degree relatives. The control group aimed at an objective control of the developed methodology. A statistically significant correlation between the actual fasting glucose level and the FG index obtained by laboratory examination was obtained in both groups (training group; r=0.52; p<0.001) (control group; r=0.41; p<0.001). The values of the new index correlated with real fasting glucose. The use of the 125 mg/dl cross-sectional area identified 100% of patients with DM, 67.4% of patients with prediabetes and 83% of patients with normal carbohydrate metabolism.