DIAGNOSTICS AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ORBITAL COMPLICATIONS OF VARIOUS DISEASES OF THE NOSE, PARANASAL SINUSES, AND STRUCTURES THAT CLOSE TO THEM

Abstract

The review presents contemporary perspectives on the clinical forms of rhinogenic orbital complications associated with diseases of the nose, paranasal sinuses, and other organs that can extend into the orbit, manifesting with ophthalmic symptoms and potentially leading to diagnostic errors.
Based on literature findings and our own research, a differential diagnostic profile for these conditions is provided. Additionally, a diagnostic algorithm is presented, offering a pathway to identify the cause and form of orbital involvement, thereby helping to avoid diagnostic errors and enabling the selection of appropriate treatment strategies.